The procedures for data processing are as follow. First, the project staff conducts authority control on the various forms of a university name and analyzes all the SCI/SSCI bibliographic records in which the address field contained one of the forms of the university name. An accurate number of the total articles from a university is obtained after removing duplicate records containing different forms of that university’s name. Second, using SCI/SSCI, this project obtains the total number of citations by adding the number of citations on each of the articles from that university from its inclusion in SCI/SSCI to the date of retrieval for this research.

  Some university systems have several campuses. A few campuses within a particular university system may have been commonly perceived as individual institutions. However, they are indexed in ESI only by the university system name. For example, University of Wisconsin-Madison and University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee are not differentiated in ESI (they are both indexed under “Univ Wisconsin”) though they are often perceived as two individual universities. This project corrects the flaw by manually searching SCI/SSCI in order to identify the actual number of articles and citations of these articles produced by each individual campus. Likewise, this project employs the same manual searching procedures to ensure the measurement of each university’s Highly Cited Papers have fairly represented the research performance of each individual university campus.